8月26是什么星座
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[????????]- ↑ "car"? ???????? ??????-????? ???????
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: ????? ???????????|?????????-??????=
??????? ??? ?????? (???????) - ↑ Fowler, H.W.; Fowler, F.G., ????????? (????)? Pocket Oxford Dictionary? Oxford University Press? ???????? ???-???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "The Motor Vehicle, 1917"? Scientific American? ????????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Automobile History"? www.history.com? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Automobile Industry Introduction"? Plunkett Research? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Smith, Matthew Nitch (????-??-??)? "The number of cars worldwide is set to double by 2040"? World Economic Forum?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "EV Price Parity Coming Soon, Claims VW Executive"? CleanTechnica (?????? (???????) ??????)? ? ????? ????? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Electric V Petrol"? British Gas? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Factcheck: How electric vehicles help to tackle climate change"? Carbon Brief (?????? ??????)? ?? ?? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? "Car Operating Costs"? RACV? ? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ???????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? ? Peden, Margie; Scurfield, Richard; Sleet, David; Mohan, Dinesh; Hyder, Adnan A.; Jarawan, Eva; Mathers, Colin, ????????? (????)? World report on road traffic injury prevention? World Health Organization? ???????? ??-?-??????-?? ? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? ? Setright, L. J. K. (????)? Drive On!: A Social History of the Motor Car? Granta Books? ???????? ?-?????-???-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? Jakle, John A.; Sculle, Keith A. (????)? Lots of Parking: Land Use in a Car Culture? University of Virginia Press? ???????? ?-????-????-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Barker, Theo (????)? The Economic and Social Effects of the Spread of Motor Vehicles: An International Centenary Tribute (1st ???????)? Palgrave Macmillan? ??. ??? ???????? ???-???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "A broadside on a clockwork carriage built by Hans Hautsch"? British Museum? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "1679-1681–R P Verbiest's Steam Chariot"? History of the Automobile: origin to 1900? Hergé? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? "A brief note on Ferdinand Verbiest"? Curious Expeditions? ? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? ? "Nicolas-Joseph Cugnot"? Encyclop?dia Britannica? ?? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? speos.fr? "Niepce Museum, Other Inventions"? Niepce.house.museum? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Lazarnick, Nick (?? ????? ????)? "Henry Ford posing in Ford-Lenoir automobile"? detroit public library? ?? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? Stein, Ralph (????)? The Automobile Book? Paul Hamlyn?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Wakefield, Ernest H. (????)? History of the Electric Automobile? Society of Automotive Engineers? ??. ?–?? ???????? ?-?????-???-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "1885–1886. The first automobile"? Daimler? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Garrison, Ervan G. (????)? History of Engineering and Technology: Artful Methods? Routledge? ??. ???? ???????? ???-???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? ? "October: Growing preference for SUVs challenges emissions reductions in passenger car mark"? IEA? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Bloomberg NEF Electric Vehicle Outlook 2019"? Bloomberg NEF? ?? ?? ????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Govt to completely lift fuel subsidies in 2020: minister"? Egypt Independent? ? ????????? ????? ? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Why the Rouhani administration must eliminate energy subsidies"? Al-Monitor? ? ???????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? "Trends in electric light-duty vehicles – Global EV Outlook 2022 – Analysis"? IEA (British English ??????)? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "How much do electric cars weigh?"? EV Archive (?????? (???????) ??????)? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ ? ? Lowrey, Annie (?? ??? ????)? "Your Big Car Is Killing Me"? Slate? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Sellén, Magnus (? ????? ????)? "How much does a Car Weigh? – [Weight List by Car Model & Type]"? Mechanic Base (?????? (???????) ??????)? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Niranjan, Ajit (?? ????????? ????)? "SUVs drive trend for new cars to grow 1cm wider in UK and EU every two years, says report"? The Guardian (British English ??????)? ???????? 0261-3077? ???????? ????? ?? ????????? ?????
France has …. penalties that cover the weight of a car.
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Shaffer, Blake; Auffhammer, Maximilian; Samaras, Constantine (??????? ????)? "Make electric vehicles lighter to maximize climate and safety benefits"? ????? (?????? ??????)? ??? (7880): ???–???? ??????:2021Natur.598..254S? ?????:10.1038/d41586-021-02760-8? ???????? 34642477? ????????? 238747321? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "SaferCar.gov"? NHTSA? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "IIHS-HLDI"? IIHS-HLDI crash testing and highway safety? ?? ????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Fran Tonkiss (????)? Space, the city and social theory: social relations and urban forms? Polity?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Sengupta, Somini; Popovich, Nadja (?? ??????? ????)? "Cities Worldwide Are Reimagining Their Relationship With Cars"? The New York Times (?????? (???????) ??????)? ???????? 0362-4331? ? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Carroll, Sean Goulding (? ?? ????)? "Switch to EVs won't solve 'road dust' pollution – in fact, it could make it worse"? www.euractiv.com (British English ??????)? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "EEA report confirms: electric cars are better for climate and air quality"? European Environment Agency (?????? ??????)? ? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ???????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}
: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Cars and Vans – Analysis"? IEA (British English ??????)? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Tesla supplier ready to make million-mile battery"? BBC News (British English ??????)? ? ??? ????? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ??? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Boffey, Daniel (? ?? ????)? "Amsterdam to ban petrol and diesel cars and motorbikes by 2030"? The Guardian (British English ??????)? ???????? 0261-3077? ? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Lambert, Fred (? ??? ????)? "China boosts electric car sales by removing license plate quotas"? Electrek (?????? (???????) ??????)? ? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Carroll, Sean Goulding (? ????? ????)? "A seismic shift: Support for ICE melts as Europe warms to EVs"? www.euractiv.com (British English ??????)? ? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Volvo's carbon-free car factory"? Ends Report? ??????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}
: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Group, Drax? "Drax Electric Insights"? Drax Electric Insights? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????
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:|??????=
???????????? ?????? ??? ?????? (???????)??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Our Ailing Communities"? Metropolis Magazine? ? ??????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "EV battery research projects get £55m funding boost"? Air Quality News? ? ?????????? ????? ? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Wireless electric car charging gets cash boost" (British English ??????)? ? ????? ????? ? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "China's Hydrogen Vehicle Dream Chased With $17 Billion of Funding" (?????? ??????)? ?? ????? ????? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Motor Mouth: Is Mazda's e-TPV the perfect electric vehicle?"? Driving (?????? ??????)? ? ?????????? ????? ? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}
: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Ammonia for fuel cells"? phys.org (?????? (???????) ??????)? ? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Survey reveals aluminum remains fastest growing automotive material"? Automotive World (British English ??????)? ?? ????? ????? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ??????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Vyas, Kashyap (? ??????? ????)? "This New Material Can Transform the Car Manufacturing Industry"? Interesting Engineering? Turkey? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Taeihagh, Araz; Lim, Hazel Si Min (? ????????? ????)? "Governing autonomous vehicles: emerging responses for safety, liability, privacy, cybersecurity, and industry risks"? Transport Reviews? ?? (1): ???–???? ??????:1807.05720? ?????:10.1080/01441647.2018.1494640? ???????? 0144-1647? ????????? 49862783?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Maki, Sydney; Sage, Alexandria (?? ????? ????)? "Self-driving Uber car kills Arizona woman crossing street"? ????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Thrun, Sebastian (????)? "Toward Robotic Cars"? Communications of the ACM? ?? (4): ??–???? ?????:10.1145/1721654.1721679? ????????? 207177792?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Xie, S.; Hu, J.; Bhowmick, P.; Ding, Z.; Arvin, F. (????)? "Distributed Motion Planning for Safe Autonomous Vehicle Overtaking via Artificial Potential Field"? IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems? ?? (11): ?????–?????? ?????:10.1109/TITS.2022.3189741? ????????? 250588120? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ?????? ???: ???????? ?????? (?????) ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Gehrig, Stefan K.; Stein, Fridtjof J. (????)? Dead reckoning and cartography using stereo vision for an automated car? IEEE/RSJ International Conference on Intelligent Robots and Systems? ???? ?? Kyongju? ??. ????–????? ?????:10.1109/IROS.1999.811692? ???????? ?-????-????-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Xie, S.; Hu, J.; Ding, Z.; Arvin, F. (????)? "Cooperative Adaptive Cruise Control for Connected Autonomous Vehicles Using Spring Damping Energy Model"? IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology? ?? (3): ????–????? ?????:10.1109/TVT.2022.3218575? ????????? 253359200? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Mims, Christopher (? ??? ????)? "Self-Driving Cars Could Be Decades Away, No Matter What Elon Musk Said"? ??? ????? ??????? ??????? (?????? (???????) ??????)? ???????? 0099-9660? ? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
{{????? ???????}}
: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "2020 Statistics"? OICA? ? ?????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "2019 Statistics"? OICA? ?? ??????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ? ?????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "2018 Statistics"? OICA? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ?????????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "PC World Vehicles in Use" (PDF)? OICA? ?? ?????????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? (PDF)? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Global Transportation Energy Consumption: Examination of Scenarios to 2040 using ITEDD" (PDF)? Energy Information Administration? ?????????? ????? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ?????????? (PDF)? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Automobile Industry Introduction"? Plunkett Research? ?? ????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ???????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Transport and health"? World Health Organisation, Europe? ?? ?? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Global Action for Healthy Streets: Annual Report 2018" (PDF)? FiA Foundation? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????)[??????????? ???????? ?????] - ↑ "EU ban on the sale of new petrol and diesel cars from 2035 explained"? Topics | European Parliament (?????? ??????)? ????-??-??? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "European Green Deal: Commission proposes transformation of EU economy and society to meet climate ambitions"? European Commission - European Commission? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "New cars sold in EU must be zero-emission from 2035" (British English ??????)? ????-??-??? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "Th?m lót sàn ? t?" (?????????? ??????)? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ philcurry (????-??-??)? "Fit for 55: EU introduces ban on petrol and diesel cars by 2035"? Autovista24 (British English ??????)? ???????? ????? ????-??-???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ "About Bike Share Programs"? Tech Bikes MIT? ?? ???????? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Cambell, Charlie (? ?????? ????)? "The Trouble with Sharing: China's Bike Fever Has Reached Saturation Point"? Time? ? ??? ???? ?????? ??? ???? ??????????? ???????? ????? ?? ????? ?????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - ↑ Kay, Jane Holtz (????)? Asphalt Nation: how the automobile took over America, and how we can take it back? University of California Press? ???????? ?-???-?????-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????)
??? ?????
[????????]- Berger, Michael L. (????)? The automobile in American history and culture: a reference guide? US: Bloomsbury Publishing? ???????? ??????????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Brinkley, Douglas (????)? Wheels for the world: Henry Ford, his company, and a century of progress, 1903-2003? Viking? ???????? ??????????????
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Cole, John; Cole, Francis (???)? A Geography of the European Union? London: Routledge? ??. ???? ???????? ??????????????
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: ???????? / ??????? ???????????? (???????)??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) – Number of cars in use (in millions) in various European countries in 1973 and 1992 - Halberstam, David (????)? The Reckoning? New York: Morrow? ???????? ?-???-?????-??
{{?? ???????}}
: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Kay, Jane Holtz (????)? Asphalt nation : how the automobile took over America, and how we can take it back? New York: Crown? ???????? ?-???-?????-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Margolius, Ivan (????)? "What is an automobile?"? The Automobile? ?? (11): ??–??? ???????? 0955-1328?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Sachs, Wolfgang (????)? For love of the automobile: looking back into the history of our desires? Berkeley: University of California Press? ???????? ?-???-?????-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Wilkins, Mira; Hill, Frank Ernest (????)? American Business Abroad: Ford on Six Continents?
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Williams, Heathcote (????)? Autogeddon? New York: Arcade? ???????? ?-?????-???-??
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) - Latin America: Economic Growth Trends? US: Agency for International Development, Office of Statistics and Reports? ????? ??. ???
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: ??????? ???? ????????????: ????? ???????????????? ?????? (?????) – Number of motor vehicles registered in Latin America in 1970 - World Motor Vehicle Production and Registration? US: Business and Defense Services Administration, Transportation Equipment Division? ??. ?? – Number of registered passenger cars in various countries in 1959-60 and 1969–70